The key step in the reduction of a carbonyl compound by either lithium aluminum hydride or. Explosion hazards of mixtures of reductants and oxidants used in r eprocessing snf dtstart. Facile reduction of aromatic aldehydes, ketones, diketones. In the lithium aluminum hydride reduction water is usually added in a second step. Reactions of alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and ketones. Given the structure of an alcohol, ether, thiol, sulfide, aldehyde, or ketone molecule, be able to give the systemic names and vice versa. The fourth valence electron of carbon remains in its porbital and forms a. In addition, the oxygen atom also has two non bonding electron pairs. These reactions result in the net addition of the elements of h 2 across the cao bond. As these examples illustrate, reduction of an aldehyde gives a primary alcohol, and reduction of a ketone gives a secondary alcohol. Sodium borohydride can be used safely and effectively in water as well as alcohol solvents, whereas special precautions are required when using lithium aluminium hydride. Scribd is the worlds largest social reading and publishing site. Compounds of particular interest are defined by formula ia, wherein r. Reactions of alcohols, phenols, aldehydes and ketones free download as powerpoint presentation.
Reduction of the ozonide compound with the help of zinc dust and water produces the smaller molecules, which in this case will be the respective aldehydes and ketones. A class of pyrazole derivatives is described for use in treating p38 kinase mediated disorders. As the nucleophile attacks the carbonyl group, the carbon atom changes from sp2 to sp3. Lialh 4 and nabh 4 are both capable of reducing aldehydes and ketones to the corresponding alcohol. This is usually the addition of a nucleophile and a proton across the co double bond. Chapter 11 lecture notes 1 chapter 11 lecture notes.
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